Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)
Publisher: Peytchinski, Gospodin Iliev
ISSN: 1312 773X (Online)
Issue: 2015, vol. 21, issue 3
Subject Area: Medicine - Pharmacology
Pages: 818-822
DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2015213.818
Published online: 27 July 2015

J of IMAB 2015 Jul-Sep;21(3):818-822
NEW PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN THE TREATMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES.
Kaloyan D. GeorgievCorresponding Autor, Marieta Georgieva.
Sector Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Varna, Bulgaria.

ABSTRACT:
Malignant diseases are significant and growing health problem in almost all countries of the world. Besides the results achieved in reduction of morbidity and mortality in individual countries, significant progress of science and practice of oncology medicine and the application of new methods of diagnosis and treatment, cancer remains the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. The past decade has seen breakthroughs in personalized cancer medicine, where new targeted therapies are being developed which inhibit cellular proliferation and survival in tumors with certain specific oncogenic mutations. These new treatment approaches have shown progress in the understanding of the origin and pathogenesis of tumors, and offer hope for a good outcome of neoplastic diseases. In this review the idea is to present up-to-date report on these new molecular mechanisms and to identify their advantages and disadvantages from the pharmacological point of view.  

Key words: antineoplastic drugs, oncology diseases, tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, cyclin-dependent kinases, monoclonal antibodies,

- Download FULL TEXT /PDF 788 KB/
Please cite this article in PubMed Style or AMA (American Medical Association) Style:
Georgiev KD, Georgieva M. New pharmacological approaches in the treatment of oncological diseases. J of IMAB. 2015 Jul-Sep;21(3):818-822. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2015213.818

Correspondence to: Kaloyan D. Georgiev, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Sciences, Sector Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University, 55, Marin Drinov str., 9002 Varna, Bulgaria; E-mail: kalgeorgiev@hotmail.com

REFERENCES:
1. Siegel R, Ma J, Zou Z, Jemal A. Cancer Statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin. 2014 Jan-Feb;64(1):9-29. [CrossRef]
2. Davies H, Bignell GR, Cox C, Stephens P, Edkins S, Clegg S, et al. Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer. Nature. 2002 Jun 27;417(6892):949-54. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
3. Chung C, Reilly S. Trametinib: A novel signal transduction inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic cutaneous melanoma. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2015 Jan 15;72(2):101-110. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
4. Kim KB, Kefford R, Pavlick AC, Infante JR, Ribas A, Sosman JA, et al. Phase II study of the MED1/MEK2 Inhibitor Trametinib In Patients With Metastatic BRAF-Mutant Cutaneous Melanoma Previously Treated With Or Without A BRAF Inhibitor. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Feb;31(4):482-9. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
5. Flaherty KT, Infante JR, Daud A, Gonzalez R, Kefford RF, Sosman J et al. Combined BRAF and MEK Inhibition in Melanoma With BRAF V600 Mutations. N Engl J Med. 2012 Nov;367(18):1694-703. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
6. Robert C, Karaszewska B, Schachter J, Rutkowski P, Mackiewicz A, Stroiakovski D, et al. Improved overall survival in melanoma with combined dabrafenib and trametinib. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jan;372(1):30-9. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
7. Keir ME, Butte MJ, Freeman GJ, Sharpe AH. PD-1 and its ligands in tolerance and immunity. Annu Rev Immunol. 2008; 26:677-704. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
8. Latchman Y, Wood CR, Chernova T, Chaudhary D, Borde M, Chernova I et al. PD-L2 is a second ligand for PD-1 and inhibits T cell activation. Nat Immunol. 2001 Mar;2(3):261-268. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
9. Ghiotto M, Gauthier L, Serriari N, Pastor S, Truneh A, Nunès JA, et al. PD-L1 and PD-L2 differ in their molecular mechanisms of interaction with PD-1. Int Immunol. 2010 Aug;22(8):651-660. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
10. Mellman I, Coukos G, Dranoff G. Cancer immunotherapy comes of age. Nature. 2011 Dec:480(7378);480-489. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
11. Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 interactions for cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology. 2012 Nov;1(8):1223-1225. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
12. Tang PA, Heng DY. Programmed death 1 pathway inhibition in metastatic renal cell cancer and prostate cancer. Curr Oncol Rep. 2013 Apr;15(2): 98-104. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
13. Robert C, Long GV, Brady B, Dutriaux C, Maio M, Mortier L, et al. Nivolumab in previously untreated melanoma without BRAF mutation. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jan 22;372(4):320-30. [PubMed] [CrossRef].
14. Egen JG, Allison JP. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 accumulation in the immunological synapse is regulated by TCR signal strength. Immunity. 2002 Jan;16(1):23–35. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
15. Riley JL, Mao M, Kobayashi S, Biery M, Burchard J, Cavet G, et al Modulation of TCR-induced transcriptional profiles by ligation of CD28, ICOS, and CTLA-4 receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2002 Sep;99(18): 11790-11795. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
16. Hodi FS, O'Day SJ, McDermott DF, Weber RW, Sosman JA, Haanen JB et al. Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma. N Engl J Med. 2010 Aug;363(8):711-23. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
17. Camacho LH. CTLA-4 blockade with ipilimumab: biology, safety, efficacy, and future considerations. Cancer Med. 2015 May;4(5):661-672. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
18. Kim T, Amaria RN, Spencer C, Reuben A, Cooper ZA, Wargo JA. Combining targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Cancer Biol Med. 2014 Dec;11(4):237-46. [PubMed] [CrossRef].
19. Marostica E, Sukbuntherng J, Loury D, de Jong J, de Trixhe XW, Vermeulen A, et al. Population pharmacokinetic model of ibrutinib, a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with B cell malignancies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2015 Jan;75(1):111-21. [PubMed] [CrossRef].
20. Byrd JC, Furman RR, Coutre SE, Flinn IW, Burger JA, Blum KA, et al. Targeting BTK with ibrutinib in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2013 Jul 4;369(1):32-42. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
21. Wang ML, Rule S, Martin P, Goy A, Auer R, Kahl BS, et al. Targeting BTK with ibrutinib in relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2013 Aug 8;369(6):507-16. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
22. Furman RR, Sharman JP, Coutre SE, Cheson BD, Pagel JM, Hillmen P, et al. Idelalisib and rituximab in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2014 Mar 13;370(11):997-1007. [CrossRef]
23. Liewer S, Huddleston AN. Oral targeted therapies: managing drug interactions, enhancing adherence and optimizing medication safety in lymphoma patients. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2015 Apr;15(4):453-64. [CrossRef]
24. Grosicki S. Ofatumumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Expert Rev Hematol. 2015 8(3):265-72. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
25. Ledermann J, Harter P, Gourley C, Friedlander M, Vergote I, Rustin G, et al. Olaparib maintenance therapy in platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer. N Engl J Med. 2012 Apr 12;366(15):1382-92. [CrossRef]
26. Weinberg RA. The Biology of Cancer. 2nd ed. New York: Garland Science; 2014.
27. Roberts PJ, Bisi JE, Strum JC, Combest AJ, Darr DB, Usary JE, et al. Multiple roles of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors in cancer therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012 Mar;104(6):476-487. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
28. Fry DW, Harvey PJ, Keller PR, Elliott WL, Meade M, Trachet E, et al. Specific inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 by PD 0332991 and associated antitumor activity in human tumor xenografts. Mol Cancer Ther. 2004 Nov;3(11):1427-1438. [PubMed]
29. Roberts PJ, Bisi JE, Strum JC, Combest AJ, Darr DB, Usary JE, et al. Multiple roles of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors in cancer therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012 Mar;104(6):476–487. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
30. Finn, RS, Crown JP, Lang I., Boer K., Bondarenko IM, Kulyk SO, et al. The cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in combination with letrozole versus letrozole alone as first-line treatment of oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer (PALOMA-1/TRIO-18): a randomised phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol. 2015 Jan;16(1):25-35. [PubMed] [CrossRef].

Received: 04 April 2015
Published online: 27 July 2015

back to Online Journal