 |
Publisher: Peytchinski Publishing Ltd.
ISSN: 1312-773X (Online)
Issue: 2021, vol. 27, issue1
Subject Area: Medicine
-
DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2021271.3568
Published online: 01 February 2021
Review article
J of IMAB. 2021 Jan-Mar;27(1):3568-3571
A BRIEF LITERATURE OVERVIEW ON ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA – ONE NEW REPRESENTATIVE IN CLUSTER OF EATING DISORDERS
Yavor Chenkov1
, Darina N. Hristova2,
1) Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria.
2) Department of Organization and Economics of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria.
ABSTRACT:
The neologism "orthorexia", first described in 1997 by Stephen Bratman in the Yoga Journal, has expanded over the years by adding the term "Nervosa", coined to indicate a potential new eating disorder - Orthorexia Nervosa (ON). In essence, ON is manifested with excessive concern for a healthy diet leading to attracting all attention to food, thus developing constant and disturbing obsessive thoughts and stereotypical behavior (fixation). People with orthorexic eating habits pay too much attention to the quality of the food consumed, in contrast to the well-studied to date Bulimia nervosa and Anorexia nervosa, where the focus is entirely on the amount of food consumed. This brief literature review attempts to clarify the existing biological and demographic aspects of ON, dietary risk factors, and other preconditions for the occurrence of this disorder. To date, there are several tools available to diagnose ON, the most widely used of which is the Ortho-15 questionnaire. Given the growing interest in healthy lifestyles, attention should be paid to the problem of orthorexic eating behavior in the public sphere, including the development of targeted activities for primary and secondary prevention.
Keywords: Orthorexia nervosa, eating disorder, Ortho-15, orthorexic nutritional behavior,
- Download FULL TEXT /PDF 510 KB/
Please cite this article as: Chenkov Y, Hristova DN. A brief literature overview on orthorexia nervosa – one new representative in cluster of eating disorders. J of IMAB. 2021 Jan-Mar;27(1):3568-3571.
DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2021271.3568
Correspondence to: Yavor Chenkov, Medical University - Varna "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov"; 55, Marin Drinov Str., Varna, Bulgaria; E-mail: Funky911@abv.bg
REFERENCES:
1. Bratman S. Health Food Junkie: Obsession with dietary perfection can sometimes do more harm than good, says one who has been there. Yoga Journal. 1997; Oct;136:42-44. [Internet]
2. Bratman S, Knight D. Health Food Junkies: Orthorexia Nervosa: Overcoming the Obsession with Healthful Eating. 1st edition. Broadway Books, NY. January 2, 2001. [Internet]
3. Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: a preliminary study with a proposal for diagnosis and an attempt to measure the dimension of the phenomenon. Eat Weight Disord. 2004 Jun;9(2):151-7. [PubMed]
4. Cena H, Barthels F, Cuzzolaro M, Bratman S, Brytek-Matera A, Dunn T, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa: a narrative review of the literature. Eat Weight Disord. 2019 Apr;24(2):209-246. [PubMed]
5. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. DSM-5. 5th Edition. American Psychiatric Publishing. May 27, 2013.
6. Missbach B, Hinterbuchinger B, Dreiseitl V, Zellhofer S, Kurz C, König J. When eating right, is measured wrong! A validation and critical examination of the ORTO-15 Questionnaire in German. PLoS One. 2015 Aug 17;10(8):e0135772. [PubMed]
7. Dunn TM, Bratman S. On orthorexia nervosa: A review of the literature and proposed diagnostic criteria. Eat Behav. 2016 Apr;21:11-7. [PubMed]
8. McComb SE, Mills JS. Orthorexia nervosa: A review of psychosocial risk factors. Appetite. 2019 Sep 1;140:50-75. [PubMed]
9. Koven N, Senbonmatsu R. A neuropsychological evaluation of orthorexia nervosa. Open J Psychiatry. 2013 Apr;3(2):214-222. [Crossref]
10. Parra-Fernández M-L, Rodríguez-Cano T, Onieva-Zafra M-D, Pérez-Haro MJ, Casero-Alonso V, Fernandez-Martinez E, et al. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in university students and its relationship with psychopathological aspects of eating behaviour disorders. BMC Psychiatry. 2018 Nov 13;18(1):364. [PubMed]
11. Sanlier N, Türkozü D, Toka O. Body Image, Food Addiction, Depression, and Body Mass Index in University Students. Ecol Food Nutr. 2016 Nov-Dec;55(6):491-507. [PubMed]
12. Karakus B, Hidiroglu S, Keskin N, Karavus M. Orthorexia nervosa tendency among students of the department of nutrition and dietetics at a university in Istanbul. North Clin Istanb. 2017 Aug 26;4(2):117-123. [PubMed]
13. Energin E, Sürücüoğlu MS. Orthorexia Nervosa in Turkish Dietitians. Ecol Food Nutr. 2015; 54(4):303-13. [PubMed]
14. Strahler J. Sex differences in orthorexic eating behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analytical integration. Nutrition. 2019 Nov-Dec;67-68:110534. [PubMed]
15. McComb S, Mills J. Orthorexia nervosa: A review of psychosocial risk factors. Appetite. 2018 Sep; 140(1):50-75.
16. Brytek-Matera A, Czepczor-Bernat K, Jurzak H, Kornacka M, Kolodziejczyk N. Strict health-oriented eating patterns (orthorexic eating behaviours) and their connection with a vegetarian and vegan diet. Eat Weight Disord. 2019 Jun;24(3):441-452. [PubMed]
17. Barthels F, Meyer F, Pietrowsky R. Orthorexic and restrained eating behaviour in vegans, vegetarians, and individuals on a diet. Eat Weight Disord. 2018; 23(2):159–166.
18. Çiçekoğlu P. Tunçay GY. A comparison of eating attitudes between vegans/vegetarians and non vegans/non vegetarians in terms of Orthorexia Nervosa. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2018 32(2), 200-205.
19. Valera JH, Ruiz PA, Valdespino BR, Visioli F. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among ashtanga yoga practitioners: a pilot study. Eat Weight Disord. 2014; 19(4):469–472.
20. Segura-Garcia C, Ramacciotti C, Rania M, Aloi M, Caroleo M, Bruni A. et al. The prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among eating disorder patients after treatment. Eat Weight Disord. 2015; 20(2):161–166.
21. Barnes MA, Caltabiano ML. The interrelationship between orthorexia nervosa, perfectionism, body image and attachment style. Eat Weight Disord. 2017 Mar;22(1):177-184. [PubMed]
22. Oberle CD, Lipschuetz SL. Orthorexia symptoms correlate with perceived muscularity and body fat, not BMI. Eat Weight Disord. 2018 Jun;23(3):363-368. [PubMed]
23. Turner PG. Lefevre CE. Instagram use is linked to increased symptoms of orthorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord. 2017; 22(2):277–284.
24. Santarossa S, Lacasse J, Larocque J, Woodruff SJ. #Orthorexia on Instagram: a descriptive study exploring the online conversation and community using the Netlytic software. Eat Weight Disord. 2019 Apr;24(2):283-290. [PubMed]
25. Aslan H, Aktürk Ü. Demographic characteristics, nutritional behaviors, and orthorexic tendencies of women with breast cancer: a case–control study. Eat Weight Disord. 2020 Oct;25(5):1365-1375. [PubMed]
26. Strahler J, Hermann A, Walter B, Stark R. Orthorexia nervosa: A behavioral complex or a psychological condition? J Behav Addict. 2018 Dec 1;7(4):1143-1156. [PubMed]
27. Poyraz CA, Tüfekçioğlu EY, Özdemir A, Baş A, Kani AS, Erginöz E. et al. Relationship between Orthorexia and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Patients with Generalised Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder NYS. 2015 Dec;53(4):22-26. [Internet]
28. Barrada JR, Roncero M. Bidimensional Structure of the Orthorexia: Development and Initial Validation of a New Instrument. Anal Psicol. 2018 May;34(2):283-291. [Crossref]
29. Bundros J, Clifford D, Silliman K, Morris MN. Prevalence of Orthorexia nervosa among college students based on Bratman's test and associated tendencies. Appetite. 2016 Jun 1;101:86-94. [PubMed]
30. Costa CB, Hardan-Khalil K. Orthorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive behavior among college students in the United States. J Nurs Educ Pract. 2019 9(2):67-75 [Crossref]
31. Angelovaa N, Stamenova D. Personal characteristics and psychological profiles of people with eating disorders.
Bulgarian journal of psychiatry. 2019; 4(3):13-26
32. Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eat Weight Disord. 2005 Jun;10(2):e28-32. [PubMed]
33. Heiss S, Coffino JA, Hormes JM. What does the ORTO-15 measure? Assessing the construct validity of a common orthorexia nervosa questionnaire in a meat avoiding sample. Appetite. 2019 Apr;135:93-99.
34. Rogoza R. Investigating the structure of ORTO-15: a meta-analytical simulation study. Eat Weight Disord. 2019; 24(2):363-365
35. Clifford T, Blyth C. A pilot study comparing the prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in regular students and those in University sports teams. Eat Weight Disord. 2019; 24(3):473-480.
36. Gleaves, DH, Graham, EC, Ambwani S. Measuring "orthorexia": Development of the Eating Habits Questionnaire. TIJEPA. 2013; 12(2):1-18.
37. Barthels F, Meyer F, Pietrowsky R. Orthorexic eating behavior. A new type of disordered eating. Ernahrungs Umschau. 2015; 62(10):156-161. [Internet]
38. Bauer SM, Fusté A, Andrés A, Saldaña C. The Barcelona Orthorexia Scale (BOS): development process using the Delphi method. Eat Weight Disord. 2019 Apr; 24(2):247-255. [PubMed].
Received: 13 December 2019
Published online: 01 February 2021