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Publisher: Peytchinski Publishing Ltd.
ISSN: 1312-773X (Online)
Issue: 2021, vol. 27, issue4
Subject Area: Dental Medicine
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DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2021274.4092
Published online: 12 November 2021
Original article
J of IMAB. 2021 Oct-Dec;27(4):4092-4097
RISK FACTORS AND GINGIVAL INFLAMMATION IN CHILDREN AGED 10 TO 14 YEARS - AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY
Hristina Tankova1
, Nadezhda Mitova1, Maya Rashkova1, Hristina Popova2,
1) Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of dental medicine, Medical University – Sofia, Bulgaria.
2) Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria.
ABSTRACT:
Aim: The aim of the present study is an epidemiological study of risk factors and the prevalence of periodontal disease in children aged 10-14 years.
Materials and methods: The subject of the study were 457 children. All were clinically examined, and the data were recorded on a specially designed card. Each child was assessed for risk periodontal profile in 4 levels, which includes: assessment of oral hygiene habits; registration of dental status, reporting of carious lesions and obturations on surfaces dangerous for periodontal health (proximal, cervical); the presence of orthodontic anomalies and other risk factors; assessment of the plaque index of Silness-Loe (PLSL); assessment of gingival index according to Loe and Silness (GILS)
Results: Carious lesions at risk for gingival inflammation surfaces are registered in 59% of children, at risk for periodontal health fillings in 32% and orthodontic anomalies in 37%. The studied children showed relatively good oral hygiene (PLSL-0.43 ± 0.28), which improved with age, with the largest amount of plaque observed on the proximal and vestibular surfaces. Over 88% of children have mild gingival inflammation (GILS-0.56 ± 0.42), mainly affecting the front teeth in both jaws.
Conclusions: Gingival inflammation in 10-14 year old children covers more than half of the studied children, with mild forms of inflammation predominating with a relatively low oral hygiene index. 2/3 of registered caries and 1/3 of the fillings have a localization which presents a risk for periodontal health. Orthodontic anomalies are the next most serious risk factor for plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation.
Keywords: gingival inflammation, risk factors, periodontal indices,
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Please cite this article as: Tankova H, Mitova N, Rashkova M, Popova H. Risk factors and gingival inflammation in children aged 10 to 14 years - an epidemiological study. J of IMAB. 2021 Oct-Dec;27(4):4092-4097. DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2021274.4092
Correspondence to: Dr. Hristina Ivanova Tankova-Zlateva, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Sofia; 1, Georgi Sofiyski Str., Sofia, Bulgaria; E-mail: la_svetichi@yahoo.com
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Received: 27 April 2021
Published online: 12 November 2021