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Publisher: Peytchinski Publishing Ltd.
ISSN: 1312-773X (Online)
Issue: 2023, vol. 29, issue2
Subject Area: Medicine
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DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023292.5006
Published online: 23 June 2023
Case report
J of IMAB. 2023 Apr-Jun;29(2):5006-5008
CORTICAL BLINDNESS DUE TO BILATERAL STROKES – A CASE REPORT OF ANTON SYNDROME
Igor Mladenovski1
, Milan Mladenovski2
, Plamen Stoev1, Stanislava Vasilkova3, Maya Danovska1,
1) Neurology Clinic, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University - Pleven, Bulgaria.
2) Neurosurgery Clinic, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University - Pleven, Bulgaria.
3) Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Clinic, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty Medicine, Medical University - Pleven, Bulgaria.
ABSTRACT:
Background: Blindness (anopia) is a functional loss of vision, which could be due either to ophthalmological or neurological conditions. Blindness may be congenital or acquired. The main causes of blindness in adults are cataracts, uncorrected ametropia (myopia, astigmatism), glaucoma, macular dystrophy, cortical ischemic strokes, etc. In less than 10% of the patients, the reason for cortical blindness is bilateral occipital strokes, one of them hemorrhagic.
Case Description: In the current case report, we present a 75-year-old patient with complaints of headache and visual loss. The patient has a history of a left PCA (posterior cerebral artery) distal ischemic stroke. The CT scan reveals a hypodense cerebral lesion in the left medial occipital cortex and subcortex (lingual gyri and cuneus) and a hyperdense cerebral lesion in the right medial occipital cortex and subcortex (lingual gyri and cuneus). The neurological examination shows only bilateral visual loss without motor deficits. The patient has visual anosognosia and confabulation in the setting of obvious visual loss and cortical blindness(Anton-Babinski syndrome, also known as ABS or Anton syndrome). However, performing cerebellar tests (dysdiadochokinesis, finger-to-nose test, heel-to-shin test, cerebellar ataxia) was not done because of the visual loss. After being consulted by a neurologist and neurosurgeon with the preliminary diagnosis of brain hemorrhage, the patient was admitted to the Neurology Clinic of UMHAT D-r "Georgi Stranski", Pleven, Bulgaria.
Conclusion: Occipital infarction must be considered in all cases with sudden onset of isolated visual loss. Early diagnosis and treatment of stroke reduce mortality and morbidity. The prognosis depends on the extension of the visual cortex damage.
Keywords: cerebral hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, cortical blindness, bilateral stroke,
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Please cite this article as: Mladenovski I, Mladenovski M, Stoev P, Vasilkova S, Danovska M. Cortical blindness due to bilateral strokes – a case report of Anton syndrome. J of IMAB. 2023 Apr-Jun;29(2):5006-5008. [Crossref - 10.5272/jimab.2023292.5006]
Correspondence to: Milan Mladenovski, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medical University – Pleven; 8A, Georgi Kochev Str., Pleven, Bulgaria; E-mail: mladenovskinhk@gmail.com
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Received: 31 January 2023
Published online: 23 June 2023