 |
Publisher: Peytchinski Publishing Ltd.
ISSN: 1312-773X (Online)
Issue: 2024, vol. 30, issue2
Subject Area: Medicine
-
DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5517
Published online: 14 May 2024
Original article
J of IMAB. 2024 Apr-Jun;30(2):5517-5521
HEPATITIS B VACCINATION STATUS AMONG A TARGET GROUP BORN IN 1992-2000: A STUDY FROM BULGARIA
Aneliya Gotseva1
, Desislava Velcheva2, Emilia Naseva3,
1) Laboratory of Virology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria.
2) MDL “Cibalab”, Sofia, Bulgaria.
3) Department of Health Economics, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria.
ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of stress among students of various health Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and a leading cause of chronic liver disease. Vaccination has a key role in hepatitis B prevention. Compulsory immunization for all healthy newborns was introduced in Bulgaria in 1992 as part of the WHO global strategy.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the extent of post-vaccination seroprotection among persons born in 1992 – 2000 who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine.
Material/methods: A total of 923 serum samples of a target group of vaccinated individuals (412 males and 511 females) at a mean age of 23.0±2.7 years were tested over a two-year period (2018-2019). The quantitative analysis of hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) levels was performed by CLIA using a LIAISON® anti-HBs II quantitative diagnostic kit (Dia Sorin, Italy).
Results: All 923 individuals included in the study were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative. Protective anti-HBs titers ranging from 11 to >1000 mIU/mL were found in 45.3% of them. The sex distribution of the tested subjects varied significantly between years (p=0.023). The difference in protective anti-HBs levels between the two sexes was non-significant (p>0.05). There was a weak negative correlation between year of birth and anti-HBs titer (Pearson's r=0.351, p<0.001).
Conclusions: The results of this large study conducted among subjects immunized against hepatitis B in childhood showed varying levels of post-vaccination seroprotection. On average, 23 years after universal immunization, 54.7% of the study cohort had no protective levels of anti-HBs (negative or equivocal result).
Keywords: hepatitis B virus, hepatitis B antibodies, hepatitis B surface antigen, vaccines, vaccine-preventable diseases,
- Download FULL TEXT /PDF 550 KB/
Please cite this article as: Gotseva A, Velcheva D, Naseva E. Hepatitis B vaccination status among a target group born in 1992-2000: a study from Bulgaria. J of IMAB. 2024 Apr-Jun;30(2):5517-5521. [Crossref - 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5517]
Correspondence to: Aneliya Gotseva, MD, PhD, Laboratory of Virology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia; 1, Georgi Sofiyski Str., Sofia, Bulgaria; E-mail: anelialg@abv.bg
REFERENCES:
1. Jiang Y, Han Q, Zhao H, Zhang J. The Mechanisms of HBV-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma. 2021 May 20;8:435-450. [PubMed]
2. Meireles LC, Marinho RT, Van Damme P. Three decades of hepatitis B control with vaccination. World J Hepatol. 2015 Aug 28;7(18):2127-32. [PubMed]
3. Das S, Ramakrishnan K, Behera SK, Ganesapandian M, Xavier AS, Selvarajan S. Hepatitis B Vaccine and Immunoglobulin: Key Concepts. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2019 Jun 28;7(2):165-171. [PubMed]
4. Pattyn J, Hendrickx G, Vorsters A, Van Damme P. Hepatitis B Vaccines. J Infect Dis. 2021 Sep 30;224(12 Suppl 2):S343-S351. [PubMed]
5. Kevorkyan A. [Epidemiological and immunological efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine.] [in Bulgarian]. General Medicine. 2013;15(2):40-47.
6. Grigorov E, Kostov E, Lebanova H, Belcheva V. [Vaccines in Bulgaria - A Study of the possibilities of their application in different ages.] [in Bulgarian] General Medicine. 2013;15(4):26-31. [Internet]
7. Gatcheva N, Vladimirova N, Kourtchatova A. Implementing universal vaccination programmes: Bulgaria. Vaccine. 1995; 13 Suppl 1:S82-S83. [PubMed]
8. Van Damme P. Long-term Protection After Hepatitis B Vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2016 Jul 1;214(1):1-3. [PubMed]
9. Dini G, Toletone A, Barberis I, Debarbieri N, Massa E, Paganino C, et al. Persistence of protective anti-HBs antibody levels and anamnestic response to HBV booster vaccination: A cross-sectional study among healthcare students 20 years following the universal immunization campaign in Italy. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2017 Feb;13(2):440-444. [PubMed]
10. Jafarzadeh A, Montazerifar SJ. Persistence of anti-HBs antibody and immunological memory in children vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine at birth. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2006 Oct-Dec;18(4):4-9. [PubMed]
11. Teoharov P, Kevorkyan A, Petrova N, Baltadzhiev I, Van Damme P. Immune memory and immune response in children from Bulgaria 5-15 years after primary hepatitis B vaccination. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013 Jan;32(1):51-3. [PubMed]
12. Zanetti AR, Mariano A, Romanò L, D'Amelio R, Chironna M, Coppola RC, et al. Long-term immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccination and policy for booster: an Italian multicentre study. Lancet. 2005 Oct 15-21;366(9494):1379-1384. [PubMed]
13. Poorolajal J, Mahmoodi M, Majdzadeh R, Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Haghdoost A, Fotouhi A. Long-term protection provided by hepatitis B vaccine and need for booster dose: a meta-analysis. Vaccine. 2010 Jan 8;28(3):623-31. [PubMed]
14. Vitaliti G, Praticò AD, Cimino C, Di Dio G, Lionetti E, La Rosa M, et al. Hepatitis B vaccine in celiac disease: yesterday, today and tomorrow. World J Gastroenterol. 2013 Feb 14;19(6):838-45. [PubMed]
15. Bialek SR, Bower WA, Novak R, Helgenberger L, Auerbach SB, Williams IT, et al. Persistence of protection against hepatitis B virus infection among adolescents vaccinated with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine beginning at birth: a 15-year follow-up study. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008 Oct;27(10):881-5. [PubMed]
16. Shagdarsuren O, Khuyag S, Mukhtar Y, Mandakh U, Tsogzolbaatar E, Shaarii S, et al. Post-vaccination Immunity Against Hepatitis B Among Mongolian Adolescents and Youths. Hepat Mon. 2021; 21(12):e121383. [Crossref]
17. Zuckerman JN. Protective efficacy, immunotherapeutic potential, and safety of hepatitis B vaccines. J Med Virol. 2006 Feb;78(2):169-77. [PubMed]
18. Todorova TT, Tsankova G, Tsankova D, Kostadinova T, Lodozova N. Knowledge and Attitude towards Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C among Dental Medicine Students. J of IMAB. 2015 Jul-Sep;21(3):810-813. [Crossref]
19. Saco TV, Strauss AT, Ledford DK. Hepatitis B vaccine nonresponders: Possible mechanisms and solutions. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2018 Sep;121(3):320-327. [PubMed]
20. Yanny B, Konyn P, Najarian LM, Mitry A, Saab S. Management Approaches to Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination Nonresponse. Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY). 2019 Feb;15(2):93-99. [PubMed]
21. Fertility. National Statistical Institute. Dec 6. 2023. [Internet]
Received: 17 January 2024
Published online: 14 May 2024