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Publisher: Peytchinski Publishing Ltd.
ISSN: 1312-773X (Online)
Issue: 2025, vol. 31, issue2
Subject Area: Dental Medicine
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DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2025312.6256
Published online: 05 June 2025
Review article
J of IMAB. 2025 Apr-Jun;31(2):6256-6264
THE ROLE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV) INFECTION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA - LITERATURE REVIEW
Elitsa Deliverska1
, Milena Ivanova-Shivarova2, Stanislav Yordanov3, Svetoslav Slavkov4, Daniel Markov4, Viktor Lenkov5, Vessela Raykova6, Deyan Neychev7,
1) Department of Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, FDM, Medical University- Sofia, Bulgaria.
2) Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria.
3) Clinic of ENT diseases, University Hospital St. Anna - Sofia, Bulgaria.
4) Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Pirogov Hospital - Sofia, Bulgaria.
5) Student of FDM, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria.
6) Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University – Sofia, Bulgaria.
7) Department of Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, FDM, Medical University Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
ABSTRACT:
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma has an unclear etiology and most often occurs in middle-aged and elderly people. OSCC in these patients is usually associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption, local irritants, etc., while in people ≤ 40 years old, HPV is indicated as a risk factor for the occurrence and progression of OSCC.
Aim We aimed to investigate the relationship between HPV infection and the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma in more depth in the current literature as well as the different methods for the detection of HPV subtypes, which can be useful for treatment plan and prognosis.
Material and methods We have searched the following electronic databases: PubMed and Medline, mainly from 2000 to 2024. We included English language articles only. We hand-searched the reference lists of the studies retrieved and journals in the area of HPV, molecular mechanism of cancerogenesis and methods for detection of HPV in oral samples.
Results 71 articles were included and analyse in this review. HPV's mechanism of action, persistence in the host, clearance, and underlying molecular mechanisms are still not well understood and are under investigation.Transformative molecular pathways involving E6 and E7 genes are well known, leading to HPV-induced carcinogenesis, and another oncoprotein, E5, associates with EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor (cognate cell surface receptor) in the pathogenesis of oral carcinoma. Different detection methods are used, but their accuracy is controversial.
Conclusion Early diagnosis of HPV infection-related oral carcinoma is important to establish timely treatment plan and to improve the prognosis.
Keywords: HPV genotype, carcinogenesis, detection methods, oral quamous cell carcinoma, prevalence risk factors, prognosis,
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Please cite this article as: Elitsa Deliverska E, Ivanova-Shivarova M, Yordanov S, Slavkov S, Markov D, Lenkov V, Raykova V, Neychev D. The Role of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Infection in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma - Literature Review. J of IMAB. 2025 Apr-Jun;31(2):6256-6264. [Crossref - 10.5272/jimab.2025312.6256]
Correspondence to: Elitsa Deliverska, Department of Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, FDM, Medical University- Sofia; 1, St Georgi Sofiyski Str., Sofia, Bulgaria; E-mail: elitsadeliverska@yahoo.com
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Received: 21 January 2025
Published online: 05 June 2025