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Publisher: Peytchinski Publishing Ltd.
ISSN: 1312-773X (Online)
Issue: 2025, vol. 31, issue4
Subject Area: Medicine
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DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2025314.6672
Published online: 17 December 2025
Original article
J of IMAB. 2025 Oct-Dec;31(4):6672-6679
CHEMOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BONE MINERAL DENSITY, COPPER, ZINC, MAGNESIUM AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN WOMEN WITH DIFFERENT LOCALIZATION OF OSTEOPOROSIS
Svetla Asenova1
, Radka Tomova1, Rodina Nestorova2, Bisera Atanasova3, Lilija Atanasova4, Mariana Nikolova5, Tzvetanka Petranova6, Miglena Slavova7
,
1) Department Chemistey and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Pleven, Bulgaria.
2) Rheumathology Center "Saint Irina", Sofia, Bulgaria.
3) Department Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.
4) Department Phisics and Biophisics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.
5) Department of Mental Health, Social Work and Integrative Medicine, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom.
6) Department of Rheumathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.
7) Institute of Electrochemistry and Energy Sources, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
ABSTRACT:
Aim: This experimental-statistical study aims to establish a relationship between serum concentrations of copper, zinc, magnesium, antioxidant activity (AOA), bone mineral density (BMD) in women with osteoporosis with different localization of the disease – hip/lumbar vertebrae.
Material/Methods: The study included menopausal and postmenopausal women. The concentration of biogenic elements in serum was determined using flame atomic absorption analysis. The results of radical scavenging activity in blood serum were obtained by experimental spectrophotometric ABTS test. Cluster analysis was used to provide new, compelling evidence of association and data comparison.
Results: Patient data, bone mineral density (BMD) and disease severity (osteopenia/osteoporosis) fell into different clusters due to differences in BMD by disease location. The data were divided into: i.hip and ii. lumbar vertebrae. We performed two hierarchical cluster analyses. In both: i.three identical statistically significant clusters were formed: K1(Mg/Zn/Cu); K2(AOA/T-score/age); K3(BMI/BMD/disease severity); ii.clear correlation was observed between BMD and disease severity. A relationship was found between BMD and RSA, AOA in patients with osteoporosis/osteopenia.
Factor analysis confirmed the clustering, forming three latent factors explaining >70% of the variance. Factor weights reveal differences in the influence of BMI and BMD: in the hip joint - positive load; in the lumbar vertebrae - negative. The graphic representation shows the specific position of zinc/age/AOA variables.
Conclusion: In the femur, age is associated with AOA, and in the lumbar vertebrae, with AOA and zinc. This proves the specific role of zinc: in the first case, it is associated with the mineral composition - copper/magnesium, and in the second - zinc/AOA.
Keywords: cluster analysis; bone density; hip and lumbar vertebrae; serum; biogenic elements; radical scavenging activity,
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Please cite this article as: Asenova S, Tomova R, Nestorova R, Atanasova B, Atanasova L, Nikolova M, Petranova T, Slavova M. Chemometric analysis of relationships between bone mineral density, copper, zinc, magnesium and total antioxidant activity in women with different localization of osteoporosis. J of IMAB. 2025 Oct-Dec;31(4):6672-6679. [Crossref - 10.5272/jimab.2025314.6672]
Correspondence to: Miglena Slavova, Institute of Electrochemistry and Energy Sources, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; 10, G. Bonchev Str., 1404 Sofia, Bulgaria; E-mail: mslavova@iees.bas.bg
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Received: 04 August 2025
Published online: 17 December 2025