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Publisher: Peytchinski Publishing Ltd.
ISSN: 1312-773X (Online)
Issue: 2026, vol. 32, issue2
Subject Area: Medicine
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DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2026322.6779
Published online: 02 April 2026
Review articlee
J of IMAB. 2026 Apr-Jun;32(2):6779-6791
LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY: MECHANISM OF DEVELOPMENT
Andrey Ivanov1
, Elisaveta Levunlieva2, Emil Manov1, Stefan Najdenov1, Nikolay Runev1
,
1) Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases "Prof. St. Kirkovich", Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
2) Clinic of Pediatric Cardiology, National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.
ABSTRACT:
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an enlargement of the left ventricle caused by chronically increased hemodynamic load, such as arterial hypertension or aortic stenosis. In the initial stages, LVH has a protective nature, but later it can lead to heart failure and arrhythmias. The biochemical mechanisms of hypertrophy involve complex molecular pathways regulating cell proliferation and protein synthesis. These pathways interact through cell surface receptors, transcription factors, and enzymes, leading to structural and functional changes in cardiomyocytes. Changes in the extracellular matrix, inflammatory processes, and oxidative stress play an important role in the transition of hypertrophy from adaptive to pathological stage. Various hormones, vasoactive substances, growth factors, and cytokines are involved in myocardial hypertrophy. Despite significant knowledge concerning signaling pathways related to receptor stimulation, little is still known about the mechanochemical systems that transduce physical signals into cellular responses.
Keywords: left ventricular hypertrophy, mechanisms, receptors, molecular pathways,
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Please cite this article as: Ivanov A, Levunlieva E, Manov E, Najdenov S, Runev N, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Mechanism of Development. J of IMAB. 2026 Apr-Jun;32(2):6779-6791. [Crossref - 10.5272/jimab.2026322.6779]
Correspondence to: Prof. Nikolay Runev, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Diseases, Hospital "Prof. St. Kirkovich", Medical University of Sofia; 1, St. Georgi Sofiisk Str., Sofia, Bulgaria; E-mail: nrunev@abv.bg
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Received: 14 August 2025
Published online: 02 April 2026